今回の Topic は、国連英検特Ａ級、２０１１年度第２回の問題からです。

１. Topic                

       Does the UN have a role to play in the efforts to mitigate the impact of global warming? 

２. Structure

a) Thesis Statement          

        The United Nations has been taking the lead to combat climate change through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),which yielded 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change. 

b) Body の部分を構成する３つの Paragraph の Main Idea は、

第１ Paragraph　国連は、国際連合気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC)を通して地球温暖化に対応する為の国際的協力体制において中心的な役割を果たしている

第２ Paragraph　UNFCCCの締約国は毎年締約国会議（COP）において地球温暖化対策の進捗状況を確認している

第３ Paragraph　２０１５年、第２１回締約国会議は気候変動に関するパリ条約を締結し、加盟国が個別に温室効果ガス削減目標を設定する枠組みが出来上がった。

３. Sample

       The United Nations has been taking the lead to combat climate change through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),which yielded 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change.  

       To begin with, the United Nations has played significant role in establishing international cooperation scheme to deal with the climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which has 197 Member States.  Although the UNFCCC sets non-binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions for countries and has no enforcement mechanism, the Members States have been very positive to address climate change due to their common concern about the threats the climate changes have posed on the well-being of individuals and societies.    

       In addition, the parties to the convention have met annually at the Conference of the Parties (COP) to access progress in their efforts to combat climate change.  Its first major achievement was the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, which set legally binding goals for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in the period of 2008 to 2012.  And after the Kyoto Protocol, on the initiative of the United Nations, countries agreed in 2010 to limit the global temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius relative to the pre-industrial level.       

       Finally, at the twenty first Conference of the Parties (COP21) in 2015, the Paris Agreement was adopted.  The Paris Agreement was designed to address the flaws of the Kyoto Protocol.  Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, which adopted by a handful of developed countries, the Paris Agreement unites all the world’s nations in a single agreement on tackling climate change for the first time in history.  The parties to the Agreement have submitted an emission reduction target called Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) and conducted regular review of that goal.      

       In conclusion, as I mentioned above, the United Nations has played crucial role in uniting the world to deal with global warming.

 

To be continued.